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Capital Punishment | מקורות

By man shall his blood be shed

Reena Zuckerman:
This is one of the sheva benai noach,
however this does not show capital punishment exactly.
Because this is before the age of Mitzvot,
this cant be called a law of capital punishment since it is not a mitzvah.
You can find other better examples
after the start of Mitzvot that share the same thing.

1 And God blessed Noah and his sons,
and said unto them:
'Be fruitful and multiply,
and replenish the earth.

2 And the fear of you and the dread of you
shall be upon every beast of the earth,
and upon every fowl of the air,
and upon all wherewith the ground teemeth,
and upon all the fishes of the sea:
into your hand are they delivered.

3 Every moving thing that liveth
shall be for food for you;
as the green herb have I given you all.

4 Only flesh with the life thereof,
which is the blood thereof,
shall ye not eat.

5 And surely your blood of your lives will I require;
at the hand of every beast will I require it;
and at the hand of man,
even at the hand of every man's brother,
will I require the life of man.

6Whoso sheddeth man's blood,
by man shall his blood be shed;
for in the image of God made He man.

7 And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply;
swarm in the earth, and multiply therein.' {S}

8 And God spoke unto Noah,
and to his sons with him, saying:

9 'As for Me, behold,
I establish My covenant with you,
and with your seed after you;

10 and with every living creature that is with you,
the fowl, the cattle,
and every beast of the earth with you;
of all that go out of the ark,
even every beast of the earth.

11 And I will establish My covenant with you;
neither shall all flesh be cut off any more
by the waters of the flood;
neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth.'

12 And God said:
'This is the token of the covenant
which I make between Me and you
and every living creature that is with you,
for perpetual generations:

13 I have set My bow in the cloud,
and it shall be for a token of a covenant
between Me and the earth.

14And it shall come to pass,
when I bring clouds over the earth,
and the bow is seen in the cloud,

15 that I will remember My covenant,
which is between Me and you
and every living creature of all flesh;
and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh.

16 And the bow shall be in the cloud;
and I will look upon it,
that I may remember the everlasting covenant
between God and every living creature of all flesh
that is upon the earth.'

17 And God said unto Noah:
'This is the token of the covenant
which I have established between Me and all flesh
that is upon the earth.' 

 

[Genesis chapter 9]

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Four forms of capital punishment

Mishna, Tractate Sanhedrin, Chapter 7 mishna 1